In real estate and construction, backfilling is the process of refilling a previously excavated area with soil or other materials. It is a crucial step in construction to ensure stability, proper drainage, and to support structures.
Infrastructure refers to the fundamental public works and physical organizational structures needed for the functioning of a society or neighborhood, including roads, bridges, water and sewer systems, drainage systems, and essential public utilities.
Permeability refers to the ability of soil or other substrates to allow liquids and gases to pass through them. It's a key factor in determining soil's capacity to support different types of land uses, particularly in terms of drainage and agriculture.
A swale is a shallow, often vegetated, depression on a site used to manage water runoff, filter pollutants, and increase rainwater infiltration. Swales are integral to sustainable urban drainage systems and contrast with berms, which are raised mounds of earth.
