Condominium Owner's Association

What is a Condominium Owner’s Association?

A Condominium Owner’s Association (COA) is an organization comprised of all unit owners within a condominium property. The primary responsibilities of a COA include managing and maintaining the common elements of the condominium, enforcing community bylaws, and providing a governance structure for decision-making within the condo community. Common elements can include amenities like swimming pools, fitness rooms, gardens, hallways, and other shared spaces.

Key Responsibilities of a COA

• Maintenance: Ensuring common areas are well maintained and safe for all residents.
• Enforcement: Enforcing the rules and bylaws set forth to maintain harmony within the community.
• Financial Management: Budgeting and managing the association’s funds, which typically come from fees paid by unit owners.
• Decision-Making: Voting on issues that affect the community, such as repairs, improvements, and policy changes.

Rights and Obligations of Unit Owners

• Voting Rights: Owners can vote on key decisions affecting the condominium.
• Fees: Owners must pay monthly fees to cover maintenance and operational expenses.
• Compliance: Owners must comply with the condominium’s bylaws.

Examples

1. Maintenance of Common Areas: The COA is responsible for hiring contractors to maintain the building’s exterior, landscaping, and shared facilities.
2. Policy Changes: If the association decides to add new amenities or modify existing ones, unit owners have the right to vote on these changes.
3. Dispute Resolution: Should there be a conflict between unit owners regarding noise or other disturbances, the COA mediates and enforces resolutions as per the governing documents.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What happens if I don’t pay my COA fees?
A: Failure to pay COA fees can result in penalties, interest charges, and potential legal action, potentially leading to a lien on the property.

Q: Can the COA make decisions without my input?
A: While the COA board makes day-to-day decisions, major issues typically require a vote from the entire association. However, member participation in voting is crucial.

Q: What are bylaws?
A: Bylaws are a set of rules and regulations that govern the operations of the COA and outline the rights and responsibilities of unit owners.

Q: How are COA fees determined?
A: Fees are usually determined based on the annual budget, which accounts for maintenance, repairs, amenities, and the reserve fund for future expenses.

Q: What is a reserve fund?
A: A reserve fund is a savings account maintained by the COA to cover significant future repairs and capital improvements.

Related Terms

• Common Elements: Areas shared by all unit owners, such as the lobby, elevators, parking lots, and recreational facilities.
• Community Association: A broader term that encompasses associations managing various types of residential communities, including condominiums and subdivisions.
• Bylaws: Governing documents that outline the rules and operational procedures of the COA.
• Reserve Fund: A financial reserve maintained by the COA for major repairs and capital improvements.

Online Resources

1. Community Associations Institute - A national organization providing education and resources for community associations.
2. HUD - Condominiums - HUD resources and information on condominiums.
3. FindLaw: Condominium Owner’s Associations - Legal perspectives on COA responsibilities and regulations.

Suggested Books for Further Studies

• “The Condominium Concept: A Practical Guide for Officers, Owners, Realtors, Attorneys, and Directors of Florida Condominiums” by Peter M. Dunbar
• “New Neighborhoods: The Consumer’s Guide to Condominium, Co-Op, and HOA Living” by Gary A. Poliakoff and Ryan Poliakoff
• “An Introduction to Community Association Living” by the Community Associations Institute

Real Estate Basics: Condominium Owner’s Association Fundamentals Quiz